I ran a tech debt workshop to talk through what we’re going to do in the last 4 months of a year, given a 20 or 35% tech debt fixing budget.

Note to self:

  • Have a parking lot for important, but off-topic items.
  • Have a scribe.

Rough notes follow.

  1. Intro w/ most painful tech debt on your team

  2. Expectations of the workshop

    • Would like to exit this with an understanding of things we can/should/will work on in 2025 (n=3-5).
    • Would like to get you startd on your 2026 list.
    • Shared understanding of how we can think through these debt tradeoffs
    • Highlight any cross-team dependencies
    • Communicate up and out what our technical debt fixes are and why.
    • Generally foster a culture of talking about this stuff (debt)
    • Let’s get stoked about making things better.
    • Reminder: Holidays are coming up.
    • Answer the question: What technical debt are we fixing in Q4? Why does it matter and what does it unblock?
  3. Talk through the specifics of 20-35% debt fixing budget

  4. Align on the meaning of tech debt

    • maintenance vs refactoring vs rearchitecting
  5. Align on the expectation that all EMs maintain a backlog of technical issues (including debt)

    • Reiterate that while there may be some externally imposed technical debt items, this should also come from them.
  6. Categorization framework

  7. Separate into groups, brainstorm debt items (focus on impact; can be multiple kinds of impact)

  8. Consolidate ^^ into 5-7 items per group

  9. Impact Estimation

    • Work through 2-3 examples together
    • Quicker version: risk/friction matrix (blast\ *frequency) + (velocity* trend)
      • Blast radius: (1=single team, 3 = critical path for product area, 5 = company-wide issue)
      • Frequency of pain (1 = quarterly, 3 = weekly, 5 = daily)
      • Engineering velocity (1=slight slowdown for some stuff, 3=blocks certain types of features, 5=grinds multiple teams to a halt)
      • Trend (1=stable annoyance, 3=slowly degrading, 5= accelerating problem)
      • Score 30+: Critical - Q4 candidate, Score 20-30: Important - Q1 2025, Score 10-20: Moderate - roadmap it, Score Score 30+: Critical - Q4 candidate, Score 20-30: Important - Q1 2025, Score 10-20: Moderate - roadmap it, Score < 10: Monitor
    • Weekly Engineering Tax = Direct Time (they spent x time) + Indirect Time (things take longer b/c…) + Opportunity Cost (can’t build x, because..)
      • eventually turn ^^ into engineering months then converted to dollars.
  10. Team scoring. Groups estimate/assess impact of their items

  11. Prioritization

    • effort vs impact
    • quick vs strategic vs someday
    • confidence high/medium/low in ability to execute
    • surface any organizational/political challenges
  12. Dependency mapping: What would block you? Include missing skills/capabilities/cross-team issues

Possible outcome for each item

Item: [Description] Confidence: Green/Yellow/Red Team Owner: [Name] Estimated Effort: [Days/Weeks] Skills Gap: [None/Specific skill needed] Research Needed: [None/1 sprint/2+ sprints] Q4 Viability: [Definite/Possible/Unlikely] Backup Plan: [If this fails/takes longer] Success Metric: [How we’ll know it’s done]